Cromhall (The Gatehouse Record)

Also known as, or recorded in historical documents as;
Crumhale

In the civil parish of Cromhall.
In the historic county of Gloucestershire.
Modern Authority of South Gloucestershire.
1974 county of Avon.
Medieval County of Gloucestershire.

OS Map Grid Reference: ST692904
Latitude 51.61209° Longitude -2.44600°

Cromhall has been described as a probable Fortified Manor House, and also as a probable Pele Tower.

There are no visible remains.

Comments

The term cameram is rarely used in licences to crenellate but where a building can be associated with the term it is usually a small tower house. Wauton, who seems to have been a particularly active soldier, was possibly involved in Scottish border affairs and may have being transferring border architecture to Gloucestershire. The Cromhall manor may have been newly purchased by Wauton (or newly 'granted' to him) and gave him a house near to Berkeley Castle allowing to fulfil some obscure feudal obligations to Maurice de Berkeley. Away from his main estates in Essex he may have felt more need to assert his status. The lack of remains may suggest little was built or what was built was mainly timber or thin walled.
There were two manors in medieval Cromhall. One held by the Abbey of St Augustine, Bristol was centred on Abbotside Farm. The other, Cromhall Lygon, named after later medieval subtenants comprised the rest of the manor. As such it is likely that Court Farm, directly south of the parish church, represents the site of the manor house.

Sources of information, references and further reading

Further information may be available from the holder of the county Historic Environment Record.

Books
- Emery, Anthony, 2006, Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales Vol. 3 Southern England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p. 211
  Turner, T.H. and Parker, J.H., 1859, Some account of Domestic Architecture in England (Oxford) Vol. 3 Part 2 p. 406 online copy
  Atkyns, Robert, 1803, The history of the county of Gloucester (Gloucester) p. 213 online copy
Periodical Articles
- Moore, J.S., 1989, 'The Gloucestershire section of Domesday Book: geographical problems of the text, part 3' Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society Vol. 107 p. 136 online copy
Primary (Medieval documents or transcriptions of such documents - This section is far from complete and the secondary sources should be consulted for full references.)
- Maxwell Lyte, H.C. (ed), 1894, Calendar of Patent Rolls Edward II (1307-13) Vol. 1 p. 346 online copy

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The bibliography owes much to various bibliographies produced by John Kenyon for the Council for British Archaeology, the Castle Studies Group and others.

Suggestions for finding online and/or hard copies of bibliographical sources can be seen at this link.
Minor archaeological investigations, such as watching brief reports, and some other 'grey' literature is most likely to be held by H.E.R.s but is often poorly referenced and is unlikely to be recorded here, or elsewhere, but some suggestions can be found here.

The possible site or monument is represented on maps as a point location. This is a guide only. It should be noted that OS grid references defines an area, not a point location. In practice this means the actual center of the site or monument may often, but not always, be to the North East of the point shown. Locations derived from OS grid references and from latitude longitiude may differ by a small distance.
Further information on mapping and location can be seen at this link.

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