Netherby Hall (The Gatehouse Record)

Also known as, or recorded in historical documents as;
Richd Greme; Netherbie; Netherby Castle

In the civil parish of Arthuret.
In the historic county of Cumberland.
Modern Authority of Cumbria.
1974 county of Cumbria.
Medieval County of Cumberland.

OS Map Grid Reference: NY39667161
Latitude 55.03551° Longitude -2.94561°

Netherby Hall has been described as a certain Pele Tower.

There are masonry ruins/remnants remains.

This is a Grade 2* listed building protected by law*.

Description

House. C15 tower house, extended or altered in 1639 for Sir Richard Graham (reused datestone with initials RG over entrance to left); late C18 additions for Rev Robert Graham, with further extensions of 1833 for Sir James Graham by William Burn. Tower, enclosed by later buildings, has walls over 2 metres thick, thought to be of stone from the nearby Roman fort; extensions of red sandstone ashlar on chamfered plinth with flush quoins, string courses, moulded cornice and solid parapets; slate roofs, numerous stone chimney stacks. 3 storeys, numerous bays; Scottish Baronial style extensions. C19 polygonal 3- storey entrance tower has 3-panel double doors with radial fanlight in round moulded arch with false keystone; alternate block pilasters with moulded entablature and cornice, surmounted by carved coat of arms. 2-pane sash windows in moulded shouldered architraves with false keystones and triangular open pediments with decorative cartouche. 3-storey tower to right is the original house with C19 facing. Niche with carved stone figure of knight in armour on ground floor; oriel 2-pane sash window above; corbelled-out parapet with round angle turret, crow stepped gable with carved coat of arms and triple candlestick chimney stacks. Lower flanking wings have 2-pane sash windows in alternate block surrounds and false keystones. Old Servants Hall to extreme right of 2 storeys, 3 bays, has 6-panel door in round arched recess with alternate block surround and triangular open pediment; 2 crow-stepped dormers with domed circular turrets. C18 garden front of 2 storeys, 5 recessed bays with flanking 2-storey canted bay windows. Large 2-pane ground floor sash windows, single- pane sashes above, in similar alternate block surrounds as entrance front; attic oculi. Flanking 1 ; storey, 3-bay wings with lead-hipped graduated green slate roofs; central window and rounded window above in round arched recess, all in plain surrounds. Interior has mid-late C18 moulded plasterwork in recesses and ceilings; C18 panelled doors in moulded wooden architraves with triangular moulded pediments. Tower retains its newel staircase. Interior alterations by H.J. Harding 1937, of ground floor of tower. Reused C17 carved Flemish panelling in hall and dining room, with C19 heavily moulded ceiling by William Burn. Armorial stained glass in hall by Willement, 1836. Burn's drawings for Netherby are in RIBA collection. (Listed Building Report)

Tower encased in later house.
Shown as a tower and hall of 'Richd Greme' on the 1552 map, a tower at 'Netherbie' in 1590 and as a house at 'Netherby' on the 1607 Platt. (Perriam and Robinson 1998)

Comments

The C16 house was the manorial centre but the Graham's only obtained knightly status in the C16. However the form of this house was a chamber block tower attached to a hall.

Sources of information, references and further reading

National Heritage List for England Listed Building number(s) 1204948
Historic England (PastScape) Defra or Monument number(s) 10864.
County Historic Environment Record (or Sites and Monuments Record) number(s) 4866.

Websites (Gatehouse is not responsible for the content of external websites.)
- Old Cumbria Gazetteer
Books
- Perriam, Denis and Robinson, John, 1998, The Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria (Kendal: CWAAS Extra Series 29) p. 237 (plan)
  Salter, Mike, 1998, The Castles and Tower Houses of Cumbria (Malvern: Folly Publications) p. 77
  Pettifer, A., 1995, English Castles, A guide by counties (Woodbridge: Boydell Press) p. 48 (slight)
  King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 1 p. 89
  Hugill, Robert, 1977, Castles and Peles of Cumberland and Westmorland (Newcastle; Frank Graham) p. 146-148
  Pevsner, N., 1967, Buildings of England: Cumberland and Westmorland (Harmondsworth: Penguin) p. 169
  Jeffrey, A., 1864, History and Antiquities of Roxburghshire Vol. 4 p. 232 (facsimile of map) online copy
  Whellan, W., 1860, The History and Topography of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmorland (Pontefract) p. 628 online copy
Periodical Articles
- 1949, Jan 21, Country Life
  Graham, T.H.B., 1914, 'The Debatable Land Part II' Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 14 facing p. 148 online copy online copy of 1607 platt online copy of 1552 map
Primary (Medieval documents or transcriptions of such documents - This section is far from complete and the secondary sources should be consulted for full references.)
- 1590, A Platt of the opposete Borders of Scotland to ye west marches of England (The Aglionby Platt) British Library online Gallery and Old Cumbria Gazetteer (see also Gatehouse Essay 'The Aglionby Platt')
Antiquarian (Histories and accounts from late medieval and early modern writers)
- Camden, Wm, 1607, Britannia hypertext critical edition by Dana F. Sutton (2004)

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The bibliography owes much to various bibliographies produced by John Kenyon for the Council for British Archaeology, the Castle Studies Group and others.

Suggestions for finding online and/or hard copies of bibliographical sources can be seen at this link.
Minor archaeological investigations, such as watching brief reports, and some other 'grey' literature is most likely to be held by H.E.R.s but is often poorly referenced and is unlikely to be recorded here, or elsewhere, but some suggestions can be found here.

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*The listed building may not be the actual medieval building, but a building on the site of, or incorporating fragments of, the described site.

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