Pearepeale (The Gatehouse Record of the Aglionby Platt)

Also known as, or recorded in historical documents as; Pearetree; Parcelstown; Peeretree; Peretree

In the civil parish of Kirkandrews.
In the historic county of Cumberland, England.
Modern Authority of Cumbria, England.
1974 county of Cumbria, England.
Medieval County of Debatable Lands.

OS Map Grid Reference: NY394654
Latitude 54.97996° Longitude -2.94761°

The given map reference is suggested as the probable location of Pearepeale shown on the Aglionby Platt.

There are no visible remains.

The likely form(s) of this building in 1590 are;

Pele House ('bastle').

Reproduced by permission of the National Library of Scotland

Description

NY 360 697 Supposed stonehouse; site now destroyed.
The 1604 Survey places it in the Debatable Land, however, the 1590 and 1607 Maps show the house on the River Lyne at NY 410 663. Graham was certain of this site based on surname evidence.
Cole confirms that this is Peartree in the Debatable Land, gives its location and history. He makes no comment on what sort of building it might have been. 'Peale' on the 1590 map may have some significance, however it was probably a detached part of the estate.
Cole states that 'the site of Peartree has been eroded or completely destroyed by gravel quarrying to the south and east of Closegap. (Perriam and Robinson 1998)

Comments

Gatehouse finds this record in Perriam and Robinson difficult to interpret. The house shown as 'Pearepeale' on the 1590 map and 'Pearetree' on the 1607 platt are clearly nowhere near their given map reference of NY360697. I would place them in the vicinity of Parceltown at NY394654, where it would form one of a number of sites marked at fairly regular intervals along the River Lynn (possibly reflecting a regular breakdown of the land into fairly equal agricultural parcels). Martin and Jean Norgate of Old Cumbria Gazetteer places it at slightly feature east in square NY4065.
The given map reference is marked as a small building called 'Henrystown' on the 1868 OS map. It can not have been destroyed by erosion although the site was destroyed by the building of the Smalmstown depot of the HM Factory Gretna in 1915.
Even if there was a 'Peartree' in this area and even if that was part of the same estate as the Peartree on the River Lynn and even if it was the caput of that estate the evidence for a fortified house is the maps which clearly place the fortified house on the River Lynn not north of the Esk!

The resident householder c. 1590.

1561 - George Greymes ("The names of the Greymes of Eske and Leven within the Countie of Cumberland gyven in by Richard Greyme of Netherbye to the Lorde Dacre, Warden of the West Marche of England" P.R.O. SP 59/9 ff. 197-203 (CSP For, 1561-62, no. 442), dated 23 August i 56 r)
1602 - John Grame (Scrope List 1602 - Richard Bell's manuscript History of the Borders, ff. 211-215)
- see Spence, R.T., 1980, 'The Graham Clans and Lands on the eve of the Jacobean Pacification' Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 80 p. 92 online copy

Sources of information, references and further reading

PastScape (The online National Monument Record for England) Number 1390072.

Websites (Gatehouse is not responsible for the content of external websites.)
- Old Cumbria Gazetteer
Books
- Perriam, Denis and Robinson, John, 1998, The Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria (Kendal: CWAAS Extra Series 29) p. 238
  Jeffrey, A., 1864, History and Antiquities of Roxburghshire Vol. 4 p. 232 (facsimile of map) online copy
Periodical Articles
- Graham, T.H.B., 1914, 'The Debatable Land Part II' Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 14 facing p. 148 online copy online copy of 1607 platt online copy of 1552 map
  Graham, T.H.B., 1912, 'The Debateable Land' Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 12 p. 49-50 online copy
  Ellis, H., 1829, 'Copy of a manuscript tract addressed to Lord Burghley, illustrative of the Border topography of Scotland, AD 1590, with a platt or map of the Borders taken in the same year' Archaeologia Vol. 22 p. 161-71 online copy
Primary (Medieval documents or transcriptions of such documents - This section is far from complete and the secondary sources should be consulted for full references.)
- Sanderson, R.P. (ed), 1891, Survey of the Debateable and Border Lands Adjoining the Realm of Scotland and Belonging to the Crown of England, Taken A.D. 1604 (Alnwick)
Maps (Early maps)
- 1590, A Platt of the opposete Borders of Scotland to ye west marches of England (The Aglionby Platt) British Library online Gallery and Old Cumbria Gazetteer
  1607, Platt of the Forrest of Nicholl and the Mannor of Liddale, Arthurett and Randelinton with the Debatable groundes online copy (Pearetre)
Other sources: Theses; 'grey' literature; in-house reports; unpublished works; etc.
- Cole, J.R., 1982, A survey of the Debatable Land and Glen Tarras c. 1449-1620 (Thesis for Manchester University) p. 78-9

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The bibliography owes much to various bibliographies produced by John Kenyon for the Council for British Archaeology, the Castle Studies Group and others.

Suggestions for finding online and/or hard copies of bibliographical sources can be seen at this link.
Minor archaeological investigations, such as watching brief reports, and some other 'grey' literature is most likely to be held by H.E.R.s but is often poorly referenced and is unlikely to be recorded here, or elsewhere, but some suggestions can be found here.

The possible site or monument is represented on maps as a point location. This is a guide only. It should be noted that OS grid references defines an area, not a point location. In practice this means the actual center of the site or monument may often, but not always, be to the North East of the point shown. Locations derived from OS grid references and from latitude longitiude may differ by a small distance.
Further information on mapping and location can be seen at this link.

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The Gatehouse website record of

Pearepeale (Peartree)

a location shown on a 1590 map of the West Marches of Scotland (The Aglionby Platt)