|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is a provisional working list of the llysoedd (residential dwellings) of the native rulers of Wales in the later medieval period, that is the 11th to 14th centuries. It is mainly derived from Richard Avent, 1983, Castles of the Princes of Gwynedd (Cardiff), Paul R. Davis, 2007, Castles of the Welsh Princes (Y Lolfa) and Lawerence Butler, 2009, 'The Castles of the Princes of Gwynedd' in Willams, D. and Kenyon, J. (eds), The Impact of the Edwardian Castles in Wales (Oxbow) with additions derived from online archaeological database descriptions.
This list does not include sites occupied or supposedly occupied before the 11th century (Dark Age sites) that were not in use in the normal accepted age of castles.
Confidence |
Certain |
Probable |
Questionable or Doubtful |
Rejected |
Confidence is a statement of the site as a castle (castell) or palace (llys) built or used by a native prince of Wales.
This is not the same as the confidence in the individual site record. |
| Name | Alternative Name(s) | Princedom | Type |
| Cardigan Castle | Aberteifi; Aberteivi; Kardigan | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle | Carew Castle | Castell Caeriw; domum de Carrio; Carieu | Deheubarth | llys |
| Carreg Cennen Castle | Caer Cynan; Karekenyl | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Gwynionydd, Llandysul | Coedfon | Deheubarth | ringwork timber castle |
| Castell Meurig, Llangadog | Castell Meiris; Castell Pridd; Lychewein | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Nanhyfer, Nevern | Cammais; Cammeis; Cemmeis; Llanhyvor; castellum Newer | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Trefilan | Trifilan | Deheubarth | llys with motte |
| Dinefwr Castle | Dynevor; Gueithtinevur; Dinefawr; Old Dynefwr; Dinevor; Dinewor | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Domen Las, Ysgubor y Coed | Abereinion; Aberdyfi; Aberdovey; Glan Dyfi; Tomen Las; Domenlas | Deheubarth | llys with motte |
| Dryslwyn Castle | Drusselan; Deresloyn; Droslan; Drosselan; Dyryslwyn; Drysllwyn | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Llystroyddyn | ?Deheubarth | llys | Morgraig Castle | Castell Mor Graig | ?Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Nant yr Arian Castle | Old Goginan Castle; Castell Goginan | Deheubarth | llys with motte |
| Newcastle Emlyn Castle | Castel Nowid; Newcastle Emelyn | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Pen y Castell, Llanilar | Garth Grugyn | Deheubarth | ringwork timber castle |
| Rhayader Castle | Tower Mount; Rhaiadyr; Rhaiadr; Rhaedr Gwy; Rhaidr Gwy; Rhys Castle | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle | Y Castell, Llys y Fran | Llysyfran | ?Deheubarth | llys with motte |
| Ystrad Meurig Castle | Henblas; Meyric | Deheubarth | Masonry Castle |
| Aber Castle - Pen-y-Mwd and Ty'n-y-Mwd llys | Abermenai; Mwd Castle; Abergwyngregyn; Llan Boduan; Bangor | Gwynedd | llys with motte | Aberffraw llys and motte | Gwynedd | llys with motte | Bryn Castell, Caerhun | Tal Y Cafn; Castell Maelgwn | ?Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Cae Llys, Rhosyr | Llys Rhosyr | Gwynedd | llys |
| Caergwrle Castle, Hope | Queen's Hope; Kaierguill | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Caernarfon Castle | Caernarvon; Carnarvon | Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Carn Fadryn | Garn Fadryn; Carn Fadrun; Madryn; Garn Fadrun | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Cadwaladr, Caer Penrhos | Llanrhystud; Caer Penrhoys; Caerpenrhos; Gaer Penrhos | Gwynedd | ringwork timber castle |
| Castell Carndochan, Dolhendre | Castell Carn Dochan | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Coch, Ystradfellte | Stratmelthin; Mellte Castle | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Cynfal, Bryn Crug | Cynfael; Towyn; Bryn y Castell | Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Castell Gwain Goch, Penrhyndeudraeth | Deudraeth; Deudrait; Castell Aber Iâ; Portmeirion; Gwaun Goch | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Prysor | Cwm Prysor | Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Castell y Bere | Caerberllan; 'a castle in Merionydd or Ardudwy', Teberri | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Castle Bryn Amlwg | Amting; Bryn Amlwc; Bettws y Crwyn; Cefn Fron; ?Ruffin; ?Hithoet | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Corwen | Gwynedd | llys |
| Criccieth Castle | Cricieth | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Cwm Camlais Castle | Camlais; Bleancamlais; Blaencamlais; Maescar; Defynoch; Defynock; Dyfynoch; 'new castle beyond Brecon'; novo castro ultra Breckoniam | Gwynedd | masonry castle |
| Danylan Mound, Llyswen | ?Gwynedd | llys with motte | |
| Degannwy Castle | Castle of Gannoc; Gannock; Dagaunoth; Deganwy; Hegannow | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Denbigh Castle | Castell Dinbych; Dinbech | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Dinas Emrys Castle | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | |
| Dolbadarn Castle | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Dolbenmaen Castle | Tomen; Plas Dolbenmaen | ?Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Dolforwyn Castle | Castle at Abrunol; Abermule; Aber miwi; Bachyranneleu; Dolvoreyn; Castell Dol-y-Vorwyn | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle |
| Dolwyddelan Castle | Dolvithalan; Doluithalan | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Domen Ddreiniog, Llanegryn | Tomen Ddreiniog; Thorny Motte; Tal y Bont; Talybont | ?Gwynedd | llys with motte | Ednyfeds Castle | Llys Euryn; Bryn Euryn; Plas Bryneuryn | Gwynedd | llys | Erw'r Castell Mound, Caerwys | ?Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Ewloe Castle | Youley; Yollo; Eulo; Egloe; Eggelawe | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Harlech Castle | Arlech; Hardelowe | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Knucklas Castle | Cnwclas; Conoclas; Knokelace | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Neuadd Wen Mound | Siambr ddu | Gwynedd | llys | Pen y Castell, Garreg Olau | Caer Oleu; Careg Oleu Rhiw Dafnau Maenan | Gwynedd | Masonry Castle | Pen-y-bryn, Aber | Twr Llewelyn; Llewelyn's Tower | Gwynedd | llys | Rheidol Castle | Plas Crug | Gwynedd | llys | Tomen Las Castle Mound, Pennal | Y Domen Las; Towyn | Gwynedd | llys with motte | Tomen y Mur, Maentwrog | Mur Castell; Heririmons | ?Gwynedd | llys with motte |
| Tomen y Rhodwydd, Llandegla | Castell y Rhodwydd; Buddugre; Llanarmon yn Ial; Yale; Castle in Ial; Castell yr Adwy | Gwynedd | llys with motte | Trefriw | Treurewe; Trevriw | Gwynedd | llys | Twthill, Old Rhuddlan Castle | Toothill; Tut Hill; Bonc Hill; Roelent; Roeland | Gwynedd | llys |
| Castell Du, Sennybridge | Castell Ddu; Castell Rhyd y Briw; Black Castle; 'new castle beyond Brecon' | Gwynedd/Einion Sais | Masonry Castle |
| Tomen y Bala, Bala | Gwynedd/Penllyn | llys with motte | |
| Castell Brogyntyn | Selattyn | Powys | ringwork timber castle |
| Castle Caereinion Motte | Twmpatch Garmon; Twmpath Garmon; Kaer einawn; Gereinawn; Kaer einiawn; Kereinaun | Powys | llys with motte | Cwrt Llechrhyd, Llanelwedd | Cwrt Llechryd | Powys | llys |
| Cymmer Castle, Llanelltyd | Cymer | Powys | llys with motte |
| Dinas Bran Castle | Crow | Powys | Masonry Castle |
| Domen Castell, Welshpool | Domen Gastell; Pola; Pole; Pool; Pol; Powis; Trallwng; Trallung; Trallwm | Powys | llys with motte |
| Domen Fawr, Tafolwern | Walwerin; Walwern; Waluernia; Walwar; Talfolwern | Powys | llys with motte |
| Domen Gastell, Llanfechain | Domen Castell; Tomen Gastell | Powys | llys with motte |
| Kerry; The Moat | Moat Farm; Kerry Motte; Moat Castle; Kerri; Ceri | Powys | llys with motte | Llyssun Motte | Llysin; Llyssin; Llanerfyl; Llyslun; Llynssyn | ?Powys | llys |
| Oswestry Castle | Album Monasterium; Blancminster; Blankmouster; Blancmustier; Croes Oswald; L'Oeuvre; L'uvre; Castle Loure; Luure; Luvre; Lvvre: Castle Philip; Oswaldestre; Meresberie | Powys | Masonry Castle |
| Pen Llys Ringwork | Llysdinam | ?Powys | ringwork timber castle |
| Powis Castle | Powys; Castell Coch; Pool; Pola; Pole; Trallwng; Red Castle; Redde Castle; Castel Cough | Powys | Masonry Castle | Roft Motte | The Rofft; Rofft Mount; The Rofts; Marford; Hoseley; Hodesley; Bromfield; castellum de Bromfeld | Powys | llys with motte |
| Sycharth Castle, Llansilin | Castle of Owain Glyndwr; Saghern | Powys | llys with motte |
| Tomen yr Allt Motte, Llanfyllin | Boyddon; Domen yr Allt; Bodyddon; Bodedon | Powys | llys with motte |
| Bronllys Castle | Brunless; Brenles; Brynllys; Brendlais | Brycheiniog | llys |
| Aberafan Castle | Aber Afan; Aberavon; Beili y Castell; Bailey Castle; Baily'r castell | de Avene (lords of Afan) | llys with motte |
| Briton Ferry Motte | Hen Gastell | de Avene (lords of Afan) | llys with motte |
| Cwm Clais, Castell Bolan | Baglan; Cwm Glais | de Avene (lords of Afan) | Masonry Castle |
| Plas Baglan | Castell y wiryones | de Avene (lords of Afan) | Masonry Castle |
| Castell Meredydd | Machen; Maghay; Maghhay | Gwynllwg | Masonry Castle | Castle Arnold, Llangattock nigh Usk | Castle Arnault; Castell Arnallt; Castell Ernallt | ?Morgannwg | llys with motte | Dinas Powys Ringwork | Cwm George Camp; Cwrt-yr-ala | ?Morgannwg | ringwork timber castle |
| Twyn Castell, Gelligaer | Cadwallon | Cadwallon, son of Ifor | llys with motte | Caerphilly Castle | Caerfilly; Caerffili; Castell Caerfilli-Crynodeb; Kerfily; Kaerfilly; Sengenneth | lesser - Lower Senghenydd | llys |
| Cae Castell, Llechart | Rhyndwyclydach; Nant Llwydyn | lesser | llys with motte |
| Castell Gwern | lesser | Masonry Castle | |
| Castell Nos, Aberdare | Castelle Nose | lesser | ringwork timber castle | Castell Taliorum, Llanhilleth | Castell Taliurum; Llanhithel; Castell Hithell | ?lesser | Masonry Castle | St Illtyds Castle, Llanhilleth | Twyn; Llanhithel; Castell Hithell; Y Tump; Twmp Siencyn Sion; Twmp y Castell | ?lesser | llys with motte |